Justification for using SEAM substitution ratio between 1.5 and 2.0

Justification for Using a
SEAM Substitution Ratio (R)
Between 1.5 and 2.0

Conventional mix (design curve #1) optimum stability at 6% wt. asphalt cement yields a mix with air void content of 3.3%.

The SEAM optimum stability (design curve #2) is in the 6.6 to 6.9% wt. SEAM binder range coinciding with R=1.5 and R=1.7 respectively.

Corresponding air void contents are 3.0 and 3.6%, which are comparable to conventional mix.